Application and Use of PCB Magnetics

A PCB transformer has a simple and compact design that makes it practical for applications that require little space for components. The size of a PCB mount transformer is exceedingly significant for functionality.

Fortunately, PCB mount transformers come in many varieties and sizes with a form factor embedded on a computer board. The most common types include:

Audio Transformers

These transformers are well-suited for data and voice transmission-audio transformer frequency response range from 300 Hz to 20 kHz.

Balun Transformers

These transformers are intended to balance an interface line to an unbalanced line. The unbalanced line is one conductor carrying a current and ground, while a balanced line is a couple of conductors carrying equal current in opposite directions. The Balun name is derived from the terms applied to balanced and unbalanced lines.

Autotransformers

These are unique power transformer types with only one winding. You can obtain different voltages by connecting or tapping at certain points along the winding. These transformers are generally utilized in low-power applications.

Current Sense Transformers

They are generally utilized to detect and measure current. Current sense transformers come in two basic variations

Transformers designed and utilized to measure current precisely in accurate instrumentation application
Transformers designed and used in switch-mode power converter type applications.

Interface Transformers

These are intended for communication application where signals are isolated.

Line Output Transformers (LOPT) and Flyback Transformers (FBT)

They are designed to generate a noticeably high output voltage (usually in kilovolts order) from a relatively low input voltage. The Flyback is a topology using the kickback of an inductor to convert the input voltage to the transformer to an intended output voltage. The input energy (in the conductor) generated by the input voltage is first stored then transferred to the output (a process known as the discharge cycle). These transformers are generally utilized to produce high voltage to drive CRT's.

Lighting Transformers

They are intended to supply suitable power to lights and lighting systems.

Power Transformers

These transformers convert one voltage to another at a high power level. They are utilized in electronic circuits and feature different types and applications. These transformers are often considered to be those with 300VA ratings and below.

Power transformers generally supply power to an electronic device power supply, for example, power amplifiers in radio receivers.

Medical Transformers

Their applications include hospital biomedical equipment. Design, construction, and usage of medical transformers are subject to safety rules, laws, and guidelines.

Switch Mode Transformers

They are designed for DC-DC converters. They provide the energy storage element to transfer energy from input to output. They are also used in switching power supplies.

Resonant Transformers

These transformers function at the resonant frequency of either the primary or secondary coils. The transformers are used for discharge lamps, arc welding, and more.

RF Transformers

These are low-power gadgets usually utilized for impedance matching that operate over the microwave spectrum or radiofrequency.